全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试
高级英语试题和答案解析
（课程代码：00600）
全部题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上
Ⅰ．The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y．Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet．One word or expression for each blank only． (25 points, 1 point for each)
Today’s heroes—some of them, anyway—tell us they enjoy their
1 ．“And I
2 to myself at the men and the ladies． Who never
3 of us billion-dollar babies．” The
4 “culture hero” who
5 that is Alice Cooper．
If I said that being black is a greater
6 than being a woman, probably no one would
7 me． Why? Because “we all know” there is
8 against black people in America． That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still
9 nearly all men—and, I am afraid, most women—as
10 ．
There is, however, another
11 possessed by the best work, which is even more important as a
12 of happiness than is the exercise of
13 ． This is the element of constructiveness． In some work, though by no
14 in most, something is built up which remains as a 15 when the work is completed．
My own state of mind, when I left Watts eight years ago to take up the
16 year at Whittier College, was
17 ． It was to me less of a
18 ; it was the stepping off point of an Odyssey that was to take me through Whittier College and Oxford University, to Yale Law School, and back to Watts． I had
19 then, as now, to make Watts my
20 ．
Well, it’s a good life and a good
21 , all said and
22 , if you don’t
23 , and if you know that the big wide world hasn’t
24 from you yet, no, not by a long way, though it won’t be long now． The float bobbed more violently than before and, with a
25 on his face, he began to wind in the reel．
|
A．handicap |
B．element |
C．weaken |
D．means |
E．heard |
|
F．question |
G．freshman |
H．home |
I．strikes |
J．done |
|
K．source |
L．different |
M．conceived |
N．particular |
O．grin |
|
R . skill |
Q．laughed |
R．prejudice |
S．monument |
T．sings |
|
U．rewards |
V．departure |
W．intended |
X．world |
Y．bizarre |
II．Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions．Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet． (15 points, 1 point for each)
26．The citizens are grateful to the government for the ______ environment．
A．wholesome B．wholesale
C．noisome D．tiresome
27．The farmers’ ______ from the contest aroused heated debates．
A．omission B．exclusion
C．inclusion D．emission
28．He owed his victory to endurance and ______．
A．instance B．existence
C．subsistence D．perseverance
29．He killed his enemy and received a ______ wound himself．
A．moral B．fateful
C．mortal D．factual
30．To remove the paint, he had to apply a knife to ______ the table．
A．scrape B．rub
C．dab D．peel
31．The local government decided to ______ money for the building of a new post office．
A．distribute B．divide
C．contribute D．allot
32．She was ______ of her notorious family scandal．
A．shameful B．shameless
C．ashamed D．shamed
33．Since then, the contrast between his two careers has become even more ______．
A．symbolized B．distinguished
C．predominated D．pronounced
34．I recall how ______ it was years ago when people littered everywhere in our city．
A．annoying B．scaring
C．frightening D．humiliating
35．I don’t complain about the smoking ______ because I hate watching people smoking in hospitals．
A．programs B．restrictions
C．arguments D．advertisements
36．His muscles are firmest and his ______ colds and infections is highest．
A．ignorance of B．independence of
C．resistance to D．attribution to
37．Regardless of ______ poll results, a number of objections have been published in newspapers．
A．practical B．sensible
C．favorable D．outstanding
38．At British universities, it is ______ to cease work and spend a half-hour or so sipping tea and eating cookies with the members of one’s department．
A．satisfactory B．extraordinary
C．contemporary D．customary
39．The concentration of populations in cities has given ______ to many problems of housing, education, and medical services．
A．rise B．reason
C．result D．response
40．This discovery is highly ______ in the circle of science．
A．measured B．appreciated
C．calculated D．experimented
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items III, IV, V．A Wrong Man in Workers’ Paradise
(1) The man had never believed in mere utility．
(2)
Having had no useful work, he indulged in mad whims． He made little pieces of sculpture—men, women and castle, quaint earthen things dotted over with sea-shells．He painted．Thus he wasted his time on all that was useless, needless．People laughed at him．At times he vowed to shake off his whims, but they lingered in his mind．
(3) Some boys seldom ply their books and yet pass their tests． A similar thing happened to this man． He spent his earth life in useless work and yet after his death the gates of Heaven opened wide for him．
(4) But mistakes are unavoidable even in Heaven．
So it came to pass that the aerial messenger who took charge of the man made a mistake and found him a place in Workers’ Paradise．
(5) In this Paradise you find everything except leisure．
(6)
Here men say: “God! We haven’t a moment to spare．” Women whisper: “Let’s move on, time’s a-flying．” All exclaim: “Time is precious．” “We have our hands full, we make use of every single minute,” they sigh complainingly, and yet those words make them happy and exalted．
(7) But this newcomer, who had passed all his life on Earth without doing
a scrap of useful work, did not fit in with the scheme of things in Workers’ Paradise． He lounged in the streets absently and jostled the hurrying men． He lay down in green meadows, or close to the fast flowing streams, and was taken to task by busy farmers． He was always in the way of others．
(8) A hustling girl went every day to a silent torrent (silent, since in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing) to fill her pitcher．
(9)
The girl’s movement on the road was like the rapid movement of a skilled hand on the strings of a guitar．Her hair was carelessly done; inquisitive wisps stooped often over her forehead to peer at the dark wonder of her eye．
(10) The idler was standing by the stream．
As a princess sees a lonely beggar and is filled with pity, so the busy girl of Heaven saw this one and was filled with pity．
(11 ) “A—ha !” she cried with concern． “You have no work in hand, have you?”
(12) The man sighed, “Work! I have not a moment to spare for work．”
(13) The girl did not understand his words, and said: “I shall spare some work for you to do, if you like．”
(14) The man replied: “Girl of the silent torrent, all this time I have been waiting to take some work from your hands．”
(15) “What kind of work would you like?”
(16) “Will you give me one of your pitchers, one that you can spare?”
(17) She asked: “A pitcher? You want to draw water from the torrent?”
(18) “No, I shall draw pictures on your pitcher．”
(19) The girl was annoyed．
(20) “Pictures, indeed! I have no time to waste on such as you． I am going．” And she walked away．
(21) But how could a busy person
get the better of one who had nothing to do? Every day they met, and every day he said to her: “Girl of the silent torrent, give me one of your clay pitchers．I shall draw pictures on it．”
(22) She yielded at last． She gave him one of her pitchers． The man started painting．He drew line after line; he put color after color．
(23) When he had completed his work, the girl held up the pitcher and stared at its sides, her eyes puzzled． Brows drawn, she asked: “What do they mean, all those lines and colors? What is their purpose?”
(24) The man laughed．
(25) “Nothing．A picture may have no meaning and may serve no purpose．”
(26) The girl went away with her pitcher．At home, away from prying eyes, she held it in the light, turned it round and round and scanned the painting from all angles． At night she moved out of bed, lighted a lamp and scanned it again in silence． For the first time in her life she had seen something that had no meaning and no purpose at all．
(27) When she set out for the torrent the next day, her hurrying feet were a little less hurried than before． For a new sense seemed to have wakened in her, a sense that seemed to have no meaning and no purpose at all．
(28) She saw the painter standing by the torrent and asked in confusion: “What do you want of me?”
(29) “Only some more work from your hands．”
(30) “What kind of work would you like?”
(31) “Let me make a colored ribbon for your hair,” he answered．
(32) “And what for?”
(33) “Nothing．”
(34) Ribbons were made, bright with colors．The busy girl of Workers’ Paradise had now to spend a lot of time every day tying the colored ribbon around her hair． The minutes slipped by, unutilized． Much work was left unfinished．
(35) In Workers’ Paradise work had of late begun to suffer．Many persons who had been active before were now idle, wasting their precious time on useless things such as painting and sculpture．The elders became anxious．A meeting was called．All agreed that such a state of affairs had so far been unknown in the history of Workers’ Paradise．
(36) The aerial messenger hurried in, bowing before the elders and made a confession．
(37) “I brought a wrong man into this Paradise,” he said．“It is all due to him．”
(38) The man was summoned．As he came the elders saw his fantastic dress, his
quaint brushes, his paints, and they knew at once that he was not the right sort for Workers’ Paradise．
(39) Stiffly the President said: “This is no place for the like of you．You must leave．”
(40) The man sighed in relief and gathered up his brush and paint．But as he was about to go, the girl of the silent torrent came up tripping and cried: “Wait a moment．I shall go with you．”
(41) The elders gasped in surprise． Never before had a thing like this happened in Workers’ Paradise—a thing that had no meaning and no purpose at all．
III．In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet．(20 points, 2 points for each)．
41．What do you think is the main point of the story?
A．The love of a painter for a pretty girl．
B．The opposition between beauty and utility．
C．The change of heart in a girl who used to believe in mere utility．
D．The ideal society where no time is wasted and no idler is tolerated．
42．What is the author’s attitude in this story?
A．He is indifferent to the artist．
B．He is in sympathy with the artist．
C．He is absolutely objective in telling the story．
D．He makes fun of those who believe in Paradise．
43．In the sentence “．．．but they lingered in his mind” in Paragraph 2, “they” refers to _ _____．
A．his whims B．his vows
C．the things he made D．the people he met
44．What is the proper meaning of the phrase “a scrap of” in Paragraph 7?
A．a lot of B．a load of
C．a bit of D．a pile of
45．In Paragraph 8, with the sentence “．．．in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”, the author intends to ______．
A．state a fact B．laugh at the man
C．praise the Workers’ Paradise D．scoff at the Workers’ Paradise
46．What is the meaning of the phrase “get the better of” in Paragraph 21 ?
A．pick B．make use of
C．defeat D．make fun of
47．What is the meaning of the word “quaint” in Paragraph 38?
A．disgusting B．strange
C．ugly D．disturbing
48．Based on the author’s description of the girl, we know that ______．
A．she was curious
B．she was not very attractive
C．she was much busier than the others
D．she was the princess of the Workers’ Paradise
49．When the elders asked the man to leave the Workers’ Paradise, the man was ______．
A．disappointed B．worried
C．pleased D．surprised
50．From the end of the story we can infer that ______．
A．the girl won against the elders B．the elders won against the girl
C．the elders won against the man D．the man won against the elders
IV．Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet．(10 points, 2 points for each)
51．Having had no useful work, he indulged in mad whims．
52．So it came to pass that the aerial messenger who took charge of the man made a mistake and found him a place in Workers’ Paradise．
53．Here men say: “God! We haven’t a moment to spare．” Women whisper: “Let’s move on, time’s a-flying．”
54．The girl’s movement on the road was like the rapid movement of a skilled hand on the strings of a guitar．
55．As a princess sees a lonely beggar and is filled with pity, so the busy girl of Heaven saw this one and was filled with pity．
V．Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words． Write your answers on the Answer Sheet． (10 points)
56．Do you think art is something that has no meaning and no purpose at all? Why or why not?
VI．Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet．(20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8 points for 62)
57．心情好时，我可以谱写出恢弘的交响乐，绘制出壮丽的画卷。
58．这家事务所还强烈反对离婚、追求女色以及酗酒。
59．五个月前她得到杰利在战场上失踪的消息。
60．如果你一辈子都拒绝吊在眼前的诱饵，那就根本算不上活着了。
61．大概17岁到24岁期间，我试图摈弃这个念头，但这样做的同时我清楚这违背了我的本性，我知道自己迟早都要安定下来写作。
62．我认为，这几十年里报纸已经成为一种习惯，而不是一种功能。报纸已享有太长时间的特权，任何变化都会让人们难以接受。实际上，我不知道近20年里还有哪种媒体的变化像日报那样小。反对变化就是停止发展，进而使报纸失去作用。
全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试
高级英语试题及答案解析
（课程代码：00600）
I．Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences． (25 points, 1 point for each)
1．U 2．Q 3．M 4．N 5．T
6．A 7．F 8．R 9．I 10．Y
11．B 12．K 13．P 14．D 15．S
16．G 17． L 18． V 19．W 20．H
21．X 22．J 23．C 24．E 25．O
【解析】这是五段不相关的内容，要正确选词填空。首先，把25个选项浏览一遍，词性、时态标注一下。其次，浏览各个段落，根据短文意思和句子结构进行填词。有些短文选自课本，但是一味的去背课本，不把复习的重点放在单词、短语、语法的理解上，考试通过难度是相当大的。因此，只有把英语基础夯实了，这道题是很简单的。最后，快速检查一下选项，认真推敲自己不确定的答案。
II．Choose the right one to complete the sentence．(15 points, 1 point for each)
26．A
【解析】句意：公民感谢政府提供的有益健康的环境。A． wholesome a．有益健康的；有益身心健康的；B． wholesale a．批发的，大规模的；C． noisome a．恶臭的，令人不快的；D．tiresome a．令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的。根据句意，故选A。
27．B
【解析】句意：农民从比赛排斥引起激烈的辩论。A．omission n．遗漏，省略；B．exclusion n．除去；C．inclusion n．包含；D．emission n．发出。根据句意，故选B。
28．D
【解析】句意：他的胜利是因为他的忍耐和坚毅。A．instance n．例子，实例；B．existence n．存在，生存，生活。C．subsistence n．生存；D．perseverance n．坚毅。根据句意，故选D。
29．C
【解析】句意：他杀了敌人，却受到了致命的伤害。A．moral a．道德的；B．fateful a．重大的；不幸的；C．mortal a．致命的；D．factual a．事实的，真实的，确凿的。根据句意，故选C。
30．A
【解析】句意：为了去除桌子上的油漆，他不得不拿小刀刮。A．scrape v．刮；B．rub v．擦；C．dab v．轻拍，轻涂；D．peel v．剥落，削皮。根据句意和常识，故选A。
31．D
【解析】句意：当地政府决定拨款建一座新的邮政大楼。A．distribute v．分发，分配；B．divide v．分开；C．contribute v．捐款，贡献；D．allot v．分配，拨（款）。根据句意，故选D。
32．C
【解析】句意：她为家里声名狼藉的丑事感到羞耻。A．shameful a．可耻的；B．shameless a．无耻的；C．ashamed a．惭愧的，羞耻的；D．shamed v．羞耻。根据句子结构和句意，故选C。
33．D
【解析】句意：到那时，这两个职业间的对比会变得更明显。A．symbolize vt．用符号表示；作为．．．象征；B．distinguished a．卓越的；著名的；C．predominat v．占优势, 支配；D．pronounced a．明显的。根据句子结构，这里缺少一个形容词，结合句意，故选D。
34．A
【解析】句意：我回忆起几年前在我们这个城市人们到处乱丢垃圾是多么让人气恼。A．annoying a．使人气恼的；讨厌的；B．scaring a．令人惊吓的；C．frightening a．令人恐惧的, 令人害怕的；D．humiliating a．丢脸的, 伤自尊的。根据句意，故选A。
35．B
【解析】句意：我不抱怨吸烟限制，因为我讨厌在医院吸烟。A．program n． 程序；B．restriction n．限制，约束；C．argument n．争吵，辩论；D．advertisement n．广告。根据句意，故选B。
36．C
【解析】句意：他的肌肉很结实使他能抵御严寒和疾病。A．ignorance of对 ．．． 一无所知；B．independence of独立；C．resistance to对 ．．． 的阻力；D．attribution to归因于…。根据句意，故选C。
37．C
【解析】句意：尽管民意大选的结果是有利的，但是相当一部分反对意见意见在报纸上刊登出来了。A．practical a． 实用的；(切合)实际的，有实用价值的；B．sensible a． 明智的，合情理的；C．favorable a．称赞的，赞同的；有利的，顺利的；D．outstanding a．显著的。根据句意，故选C。
38．D
【解析】句意：在英国大学，员工工作时停下来休息半小时或喝下午茶已经是一种习惯。A．satisfactory a．令人满意的；B．extraordinary a．不平常的，特别的，非凡的；C．contemporary a．当代的；同时代的；D．customary a． a．习惯上的，惯常的，合乎习俗的。根据句意，故选D。
39．A
【解析】句意：许多城市人口密度的上升引起了住房、教育和医疗服务等问题。A．rise v．上升；B．reason v．分析，推论；C．result vi．导致；起因于；D．response n．回答。根据题意，故选A。
40．B
【解析】句意：这个发现在科学界受到了高度的欣赏。A．measured a．精确的，慎重的；B．appreciate v．欣赏C．calculated adj． 有计划的, 经计算的, 可能的；D．experiment v．试验。这里是被动语态。根据句意，故选B。
III．Choose the best answer．(20 points, 2 points for each)
41．B
【解析】题意：你认为这个故事主要讲了什么？A．这位画家对这位美丽姑娘的爱；B．美丽和实用之间的矛盾；C．改变了一个姑娘过去只相信实用；D．理想的社会是不浪费时间，不容忍懒散。文章中讲了两个人物，这个游手好闲、疯狂奇想的画家和忙碌追求实用的姑娘。通过这两个人物的对比，反映了美丽和实用之间的矛盾。
42．B
【解析】题意：作者对这个故事是什么态度？A．对这位艺术家冷漠；B．同情这位艺术家；C．反对；D．取笑这些相信天堂的人物。文章第二段讲到当这位艺术家被赶出天堂的时候，这个姑娘要跟他一起走，从这可以看出在作者心里，充满了对他的同情。
43．A
【解析】题意：在第二段句子 “but they lingered in his mind”中 “they”指谁？A．他的奇想；B．他的誓言；C．他做的事情；D．他遇到的人们。 “At times he vowed to shake off his whims, but they lingered in his mind．”这个句子的意思是：有时他发誓要摆脱这些奇想，但是他们一直停留在他的脑海里。故 “they”指的是奇想。
44．C
【解析】题意：短语 “a scrap of “在第七段中正确意思是什么？A．许多；B．大量；C．一点点；D．许多。这个题可以用排除法做，A,B,D三项意思一样，但正确答案只有一个，故选C。
45．D
【解析】题意：在第八段中， 句子“…in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”,作者的意图是什么？A．陈述事实；B．嘲笑他；C．赞扬劳动者的天堂；D．嘲笑劳动者天堂。句子“…in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”的意思是：在劳动者天堂，即使水流也不能浪费能量发出声音。水流任何时候都有声音，没有声音的水流是不存在的。故作者这里是嘲笑劳动者天堂有悖常理的存在。故选D。
46．C
【解析】题意：第二十一段中 “get the better of “是什么意思？A．挑选；B．利用；C．击败；D．取笑。 “get the better of “意思是：战胜。故选C。
47．B
【解析】题意：第三十八段中单词 “quaint”是什么意思？A． 令人厌恶的；B．奇怪；C．丑陋的；D． 烦扰的, 担心的, 令人不安的。“quaint”意思是：其意而有趣的；古色古香的。故选B。
48．A
【解析】题意：从作者对这个女孩的描述中，我们可以知道什么？A．她很好奇；B．她没有吸引力；C．她比其他人都忙；D．她是劳动者天堂的公主。文章中屡次讲到这个姑娘和画家的对话，每次都是源于好奇。B,C,D文章中没有。故选A。
49．C
【解析】题意：当这位老者让这位画家离开劳动者天堂的时候，他的心情怎么样？A．失望的；B．担心的；C．高兴的；D．惊讶的。从文章 “The man sighed in relief and gathered up his brush and paint． But as he was about to go, the girl of the silent torrent came up tripping and cried: “Wait a moment． I shall go with you．”他听到后动作很有次序的整理他的东西，说明他的心情很镇定。故选C。
50．D
【解析】题意：从故事的结尾，我们可以推论出什么？A．这个姑娘击败了这位老者；B．这位老者击败了这位姑娘；C．这位老者击败了这个男人；D．这个男人击败了这位老者。根据最后一段 “The elders gasped in surprise． Never before had a thing like this happened in Workers’ Paradise—a thing that no meaning and no purpose at all．”可以看出这个男人赢得了那位老者。
IV．Translate the following sentences into Chinese．(10 points, 2 points for each)
51．他从来不做有用的工作，而是沉溺于疯狂的怪念中。
52．因而发生了这样的事情：掌管此人的天使出了错，把他安置在了“劳作者的天堂”。
53．这里的男人们说：“上帝呀！我们连一刻闲暇都没有！”女人们轻声说：“别停下，时间不等人啊！”
54．女孩走路很快，宛如灵巧的手快速拨弄吉他的琴弦。
55．正如公主看到孤独的乞丐会心生怜悯一样，天堂里忙碌的少女看到这个人，心中也充满了怜悯之情。
【解析】这五个句子的翻译是要结合文章，单独一个句子结构可能不完整，在一定的语境才能准确把握句意。
【评分参考】
（1）译文准确，句子连贯，无重大理解错误，不扣分。
（2）虽然译文与答案不完全相符，但能够正确表达愿意，不扣分。
（3）译文不准确，内容不连贯，出现一个重大理解错误，该小题扣1分。
（4）关键内容上的漏译，每出现一个，该小题扣1分，关键词汇的漏译，每出现两个，该小题扣1分，但不出现负分。
V．Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words．(10 points)
【评分参考】
（1）内容占6分，语言占4分。
（2）答案结构合理，语言准确，条理清晰，得4分。
（3）每出现两处重大语法错误扣1分，但是扣分不得超过2分。
（4）结构不完整，条理不清，扣2分。
（5）少于60词扣2分。
（6）完全照抄原文，虽涉及所需全部内容，最多给3分。
VI．Translate the following sentences into English． (20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8 points for 62)
57．When I am in the humour I can compose grand symphonies, and paint magnificent pictures．
58．The firm also frowned heavily on divorce, as well as womanizing and drinking．
60．If you went through life refusing all the bait dangled before you, that would be no life at all．
61．Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books．
62．I believe that over a period of decades newspapers have become a habit rather than a function．They have held their franchise so long that change has become inadmissible．I do not know, in fact, of any medium that has changed as little in the last twenty years as the daily press．And this resistance to change is the end of growth—which, in turn, marks the end of usefulness．
【解析】句子翻译的方法：首先，分析句子结构，确定简单句/复合句句型；其次，确定句子的主干，即主谓宾/主系表结构；最后，分析句子时态、语态、词语的准确选择。
【评分参考】
（1）译文准确，句子连贯，无重大语法错误，不扣分。
（2）虽然译文与答案不完全相符，但能够正确表达原意，不扣分。
（3）译文不准确，内容不连贯，出现一个重大错误，该小题扣1分。
（4）拼写错误每出现5个扣1分，不重复扣分，不得出现负分。
（5）第61题共4分。
（6）第62题共8分，每句2分。
2010年10月全国自考《高级英语:00600》试题和答案解析：免费下载（word文档）
