全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试
《英语词汇学》试题和答案
课程代码：00832
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)
1. As defined in terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or combination of sounds which are made voluntarily with human ______ equipment.( )
A. visual B. vocal
C. physical D. mental
2. Words may fall into content words and functional words by ______.( )
A. use frequency B. notion
C. origin D. sound
3. ______ refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves. ( )
A. Terminology B. Archaisms
C. Slang D. Jargon
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the three channels through which modern English vocabulary develops? ( )
A. Creation. B. Semantic changes.
C. Clipping. D. Borrowing.
5. Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT ______.( )
A.TV dinner B. earthrise
C. moon walk D. space shuttle
6. The surviving languages fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into the Eastern set and the _______ set. ( )
A. Western B. African
C. American D. Northern
7. The plural morpheme "-s" is pronounced as/z/in the following words EXCEPT ______.( )
A. beds B. bags
C. cheats D. bottles
8. The word "prisoner" comprises ______ morphemes. ( )
A. 1 B. 2
C. 3 D. 4
9. The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.( )
A. reread B. prewar
C. bloody D. harder
10. The prefix "over-" in the word "overweight" is a prefix of ______.( )
A. orientation and attitude B. degree or size
C. time and order D. number
11. The method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes is called ______.( )
A. back-formation B. acronymy
C. conversion D. clipping
12. "Champagne", a common noun, comes from a ______.( )
A. name of a person B. name of a place
C. name of a book D. tradename
13. ______ is the relationship between language and the world. ( )
A. Reference B. Concept
C. Sense D. Motivation
14. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its ______.( )
A. form B. pronunciation
C. spelling D. meaning
15. The word“______”is an onomatopoetically motivated word. ( )
A. miaow B. sword
C. laconic D. airmail
16. In modern English, an overwhelming majority of words are ______.( )
A. original B. initial
C. polysemous D. periodical
17. ______, the derived meanings, no matter how many, are secondary in comparison. ( )
A. Synchronically B. Diachronically
C. Etymologically D. Onomatopoetically
18. Want, wish, like and desire are synonyms, but as far as intensity is concerned, ______ is the strongest of all. ( )
A. wish B. like
C. want D. desire
19. There are five types of meaning changes and among which ______ are the most common.
( )
A. degradation and elevation B. transfer and extension
C. elevation and narrowing D. extension and narrowing
20. Due to ______ reason, a word is retained for a name though the meaning has changed because the referent has changed. ( )
A. psychological B. historical
C. class D. linguistic
21. Among the following words only ______ is the word which originally had a specialized meaning and now has become generalized. ( )
A. journal B. wife
C. accident D. disease
22. Based on ______ context, we can arrive at the meaning of “do a sum”.( )
A. grammatical B. lexical
C. cultural D. non-linguistic
23. The sentence "The fish is ready to eat." is ambiguous due to ______.( )
A. grammatical structure B. hyponymy
C. cultural influence D. non-linguistic context
24. In the sentence "Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Birdwhistell." The meaning of kinesics can be inferred from the clue of _______.( )
A. definition B. synonymy
C. antonymy D. hyponymy
25. Which of the following is NOT a figure of speech? ( )
A. Metaphor. B. Personification.
C. Euphemism. D. Shortening.
26. Never do things by halves is a(n) ______.( )
A. verbal idiom in nature B. nominal idiom in nature
C. sentence idiom D. adverbial idiom in nature
27. The change of idiom "Silence is golden" from the original form is ______.( )
A. replacement B. position-shifting
C. addition D. shortening
28. The following are the unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary EXCEPT ______.( )
A. definition B. extra column
C. usage examples D. clear grammar codes
29. Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1983) is a(n) ______ dictionary. ( )
A. unabridged B. desk
C. pocket D. encyclopedic
30. Which of the following is NOT true for the Chinese-English Dictionary (Revised Edition)(CED)(1995)? ( )
A. The new edition has more single character entries and more multi-character entries.
B. The new edition revised some old entries.
C. The new edition cut off the previous alphabetical order of entries.
D. The dictionary boasts of the quality of the English equivalents.
Ⅱ. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of word formation; 2) types of morphemes; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) discrimination of synonyms. (10%)
A B
( ) 31. honeybee A. difference in application
( ) 32. handy/manual B. difference in denotation
( ) 33. upon C. bound morpheme
( ) 34. rich/wealthy D. clipping
( ) 35. medicare E. functional word
( ) 36. answer/reply F content word
( ) 37. flu G. compounding
( ) 38. steel H. initialism
( ) 39.VOA I. blending
( ) 40. idealistic J. difference in connotation
I]I. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10 % )
41. ______ are newly-created words or expressions,, or words that have taken on new meanings.
42. In modern English, word endings were mostly lost with just a few exceptions because English has evolved from a ______ language to the present analytic language.
43. The morphemes can be grouped into ______ morphemes and bound morphemes.
44. The prefix "un-" in the word "unwrap"is a ______ prefix.
45. Lexical meaning of a word has two concepts: ______ meaning and associative meaning.
46. Hyponymy can be described in terms of ______ graphs, with higher-order superordinates above the lower subordinates.
47. In Old English, animals and their ______ share the same name.
48. Structural patterns where a particular word is used is called ______ context.
49. Idioms verbal in nature can be subdivided into ______ verbs and other verb phrases.
50. Webster's Third New International Dictionary is the best-known ______ dictionary.
IV. Define the following terms. (10% )
51. bound morphemes
52. affixes
53. blending
54. unabridged dictionary
55. dismembering of idiom
V. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)
56. What are the three periods in view of the development of English vocabulary?
57. How many types do bound morphemes include? What are they?
58. What is concept? Give an example to illustrate your point.
59. How do you use a dictionary to the full?
VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )
60. Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font. Customer: "How come your sausages taste like meat at one end, but like bread at the other? " Butcher replied: "Madam, in times like these no butcher can make both ends meet. "
61. Analyze and comment on the following statement.
As most words have more than one meaning, it is often impossible to tell the meaning of a word before it is used in context.
全国2010年7月自考英语词汇学试题参考答案
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. B
11. A 12. B 13. A 14.D 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. D 20 . B
21. A 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26.C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C
II. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of prefixes; 2) the functions of affixes; 3) types of antonyms; and 4) types of meanings. (10%)
31. G 32. J 33. E 34. B 35. I 36. A 37. D 38. F 39. H 40. C
III. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）
41. Neologisms 42.synthetic 43. free 44. reversative 45.conceptual
46. tree-like 47.meat 48.grammatical 49.phrasal 50. unabridged
IV. Define the following terms. (10% )
51. bound morphemes: Morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are bound morphemes. They are so named because they are bound to other morphemes to form words.
Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and affix.
52. Affixation is the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stems. This process is also known as derivation
Affixation falls into two subclasses: prefixation and suffixation.
53. blending: Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.
54. unabridged dictionary: An unabridged dictionary is an unshortened one. 200，000 headwords.
Its origin, meaning, pronunciation, cognates（同源）, usage, grammatical function, spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, derived forms, synonyms, homonyms.
The best-known unabridged dictionary is Webster’s Third New International Dictionary(450,000).
55. dismembering of idiom: by breaking up the idioms into pieces, an unusual case of use of idioms particularly in literature or popular press to achieve special effect.
For example: The leopard never changes his spots, have a card up one’s sleeve, A round peg in the squarest of holes.
V. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)
56. What are the three periods in view of the development of English vocabulary?
1 Old English
(450-1150)
2 Middle English
(1150-1500)
3 Modern English
(1500-up to now)
57. How many types do bound morphemes include? What are they? Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and affix.
58. Concept, which is beyond language is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind. Eg: much and many have the same concept.
Synonymous pairs “die—pass away”, “ask—question” have the same concept but different socio-cultural and stylistic values.
59. How do you use a dictionary to the full?
1.For beginners, and elementary and lower-intermediate learners, a bilingual dictionary is essential.
2.for the post intermediate and advanced learners, it is advisable to use more of a monolingual one.
VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )
60. Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font. Customer: "How come your sausages taste like meat at one end, but like bread at the other? " Butcher replied: "Madam, in times like these no butcher can make both ends meet. "
Homonyms refers to different words which happen to share the same form and polysemants is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings. One important criterion is to see their etymology, i.e. homonyms are from different sources whereas a polysemant is from the same source which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.
1.
Source: meet one’s ends means one can support oneself.
2.
Explanation: Here the butcher cleverly employed the structure of the idiom to his advantage to give a humorous way the bad quality of the sausage.
It implies that it is difficult to earn money with more meat in sausage.
3. theory: As homonyms are identical in sound and spelling, particularly homophones, they are often employed to create puns for desires effect such as humor, sarcasm or ridicule etc.
61. Analyze and comment on the following statement.
As most words have more than one meaning, it is often impossible to tell the meaning of a word before it is used in context.
Context, in a narrow sense, it refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic context. In a broad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is called extra-linguistic or non-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place, and even the whole cultural background.
Context may prove extremely valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. In many cases, when a new word (thought to be) appears for the first time, the author generally manage to give hints which might help the readers to grasp the concept or understand the idea. Especially the cases of polysemy, homonymy, and grammatical structure. (refer to 8.2.1 )
2010年7月全国自考《英语词汇学:00832》试题和答案：免费下载（word文档）
