全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
《英语翻译》试题和答案
课程代码：00087
I . Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
B.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
C.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
D.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.
A.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
B.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活在快乐之中，我比任何孩子都幸福。
C.恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中。
D.我比任何孩子都幸福，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活存快乐之中。
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
A.几乎是无意识地，我用手指摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵迎来了芬芳的、南方的春天。
B.几乎是无意识地，我用手指摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵似乎在迎接着南国芬芳的春天。
C.我的手指几乎是无意识地摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵迎来了芬芳的、南方的春天。
D.我的手指几乎是无意识地摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵似乎在迎接着南国芬芳的春天。
4. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives it connects.
A.从今天开始，我的生活和以前迥然不同，想到这点，我就感到非常兴奋。
B.我非常兴奋，因为我想到我今后的生活和以前迥然不同。
C.从今天开始，我的生活会和以前迥然不同，想到这点，我就感到非常兴奋。
D.我非常兴奋，因为我想到今后的我会和以前生活迥然不同。
5. To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests.
A.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员通过一系列心理测试和表现测试来设立学科。
B.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对这些学科进行了各种测试，包括心理和表现。
C.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对测试对象进行了各种测试，包括心理和表现。
D.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对测试对象进行了一系列的心理测试和表现测试。
6.今天，专心致志进行现代化建设的中国人民，更需要有一个长期的和平国际环境和良好的周边环境。
A. Today, the Chinese people, who are committing to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
B. Today, the Chinese people, who are committed to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
C. Today, the Chinese people are committing to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
D. Today, the Chinese people are committed to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
7.相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。唯有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。
A. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
B. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
8.合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关条例规定。
A. All activities of an equity joint venture should comply by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
B. All activities of an equity joint venture shall abide with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
C. All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
D. All activities of an equity joint venture should abide by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
9.按照《联合国海洋法公约》的规定，中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行使主权和管辖权。
A. As defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
B. Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
C. China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
D. China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
10.做事要有毅力，不要因为事情很难或者麻烦而撒手不干。
A. Practise perseverance or never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
B. Practise perseverance and not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
C. Practise perseverance and never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
D. Practise perseverance or not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
11.______认为“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。”
A.郭沫若 B.茅盾 C.傅雷 D.王佐良
12.“翻译的确切性就是通过复制原文形式的特点(如果语言条件许可的话)，或创造在作用上与原文特点相符的东西来表达原文所特有的内容与形式间的相互关系。”这是费道罗夫在他的著作______中指出的。
A.《语言与翻译面面观》 B.《语言与翻译》C.《论翻译的原则》D.《翻译理论概要》
13. According to A. F. Tytler, the three principles of translation are the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. the translation should have all the ease of the original composition
B. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work
C. the merit of the original work should be completely transfused into another language
D. the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original
14.著名翻译家王佐良教授以翻译英诗为主，他对译诗的看法是______。
A.格律要如原诗，追求每行字数的一律
B.译者在自己的译文风格上不必追求创新和探索
C.译诗须像诗，要忠实传达原作的内容、意境、情调
D.语言要设法接近原作，要保持其原有的新鲜或锐利，但是形象可以意译
15.原文：该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。
译文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
对于原文中的黑体部分，译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。
A.增词 B.减词
C.词类转换 D.分译法
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
16. anti-doping agency 17. Achilles’ heel
18. enforcement power 19. geologist
20. entrepreneurial spirit 21. life imprisonment
22. duty-free goods 23. the New Testament
24. global positioning system 25. blue chips
B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
26.琉璃瓦 27.残奥会28.丝绸之路 29.旅游旺季30.余震 31.中国红十字会
32.履行义务 33.知识密集型产业34.多边外交 35.同声传译
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
36. 原文: We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
译文：在改革和对外开放政策下，我们强烈地感受到了中国的多样化、活力和进步。
37. 原文：Public officials may be removed from office for failing to perform their duties properly, as well as for serious violations of law.
译文：公职人员如果渎职就会被撤职，并被视为严重违法。
38. 原文：You cannot be too careful in proofreading.
译文：校对时，你不能过于仔细。
39.原文： She persisted in her work when she might take a good rest.
译文：当她可以休息时，她却在工作。
40. 原文： He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name.
译文：他真希望自己请她跳了舞，又知道了她的芳名，那该有多好。
41.原文：理论上看起来容易的事情做起来却往往非常困难。
译文: That seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.
42.原文：人们喜爱这位美国当代优秀作家。
译文: People love this American contemporary outstanding writer.
43.原文：为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。
译文: To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and the United States needs to know China better.
44.原文：中国作为人类文明发祥地之一，在几千年的历史进程中，文化传统始终没有中断。
译文: As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousands years.
45.原文：中国现有宜农荒地3,500万公顷，其中可开垦为耕地的约有1,470万公顷。
译文: China now has 3.5 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 1.47 million hectares can be reclaimed.
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
46.
The central government has taken the unprecedented step of giving children across the country a special lesson on their first day of school—how to survive natural disasters.
This comes in the wake of the devastating Sichuan earthquake in May, which left 88,000 people dead or missing. In response, Beijing ordered China Central Television to produce a programme to teach students how to survive during emergencies.
The First Lesson of the Beginning of the School Term, will be aired on CCTV tonight and is required viewing for all mainland school students.
The Ministry of Education has also instructed all primary and secondary schools to implement each safety measure presented in the programme and to plan for any contingency. "After the school term opens, schools have to focus on carrying out safety education and safety drills," the ministry said.
A Beijing-based journalism scholar welcomed the move, saying China had never before made a programme specifically on disaster prevention and escape.
“In the past, we had a lack of disaster preventive measures,” he said. “Now I think the Sichuan quake finally brought some positive changes because the death toll, especially among students, was just too high ...”
47.
立足国内资源，实现粮食基本自给，是中国解决粮食供需问题的基本方针。中国将努力促进粮食增产，确保在正常情况下粮食自给率不低于95％，净进口量不超过国内消费量的5％。
现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素。根据中国农业自然资源、生产条件、技术水平和其他发展条件，粮食增产潜力很大。
2010年4月全国高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题答案及评分参考
（课程代码 00087）
I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
A: 1-5: BADCD 6-10: BBCAC
B: 11-15: CDCCC
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A: 16. 反兴奋剂机构 17. 唯一致命的弱点/阿基里斯的脚踵
18. 执法的权力 19. 地质学家
20. 创业精神 21. 无期徒刑/终身监禁
22. 免税（商）品 23. 《新约》
24. 全球卫星定位系统 25. 蓝筹股
（评分参考）
（1）英译汉词组翻译共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如与参考答案相符，给1分。
（3）两个以上单词构成的词组如有一个单词译错而其他地方都正确，可得0.5分。如两个单词译错不能得分。
（4）本题多为固定词组或专有词语，如果没有特殊说明，其他与参考答案不相符的译文均不能得分。
B: 26. glazed tiles
27. (the) Paralympics / Paralympic Games
28. (the) Silk Road
29. tourist season / tourist boom
30. afternoon
31. (the) Red Cross Society of China
32. (to) fulfill obligations
33. knowledge-intensive industry
34. multilateral diplomacy
35. simultaneous interpretation
（评分参考）
（1）汉译英词组翻译共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如与参考答案相符，给1分。
（3）考生如在大小写、单复数和冠词等方面与参考答案不完全相符，但词组主体部分正确，酌情扣0.5分。考生答案中每题如有两个以上的错误，则不能得分。
（4）本题多为固定词组或专有词语，如果没有特殊说明，其他与参考答案不相符的译文均不能得分。
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. 36. 我们强烈地感受到了你们实行的改革和对外开放政策给中国带来的多样化、活力和进步。（介宾短语的修饰范围）
37. 公职人员渎职跟严重违法一样都会被撤职。（…as well as…句型的翻译）
38. 校对时，越仔细越好。（否定结构的翻译）
39. 尽管她可以好好休息一下，可她却还是坚持工作。（词语的上下文意义）
40. 他真希望自己当时请他跳了舞，现在又知道她的芳名，那该有多好。（虚拟语气的翻译）。
B. 41. What seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.（主语从句的翻译）
42. People love this outstanding contemporary American writer.（翻译中的定语顺序）
43. To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.（省略法的运用）
44. As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousand years.（数字的翻译）
45. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.（数字的翻译）
（评分的参考）
（1）本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
（2）凡与参考答案相符者，给2分；每小题中若有两处错误，改对一处得1分；若与参考答案不符，但考生能用规范译语把原文的意思准确地表达出来，也可给2分。
（3）即使辨认出错误，但没能正确改译，不给分。
（4）考生在改译中把原译的错误或不妥之处改掉，却又在另一点上犯错，原则上不给分；如错误小，可考虑给1分。
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
A. 46. 参考译文：
中央政府采取了一项前所未有的措施——在开学第一天为全国的学生开设特别课，教他们在自然灾难发生时如何自救。
这项措施是在五月份发生的四川大地震之后采取的，那场地震导致88,000人死亡和失踪。针对这个情况，北京下令让中国中央电视台制作出一套节目来指导学生在紧急情况下如何自救。
《开学第一课》将于今晚在中央电视台播出，并要大陆各在校中、小学生都观看。
教育部还指示所有中、小学校都要贯彻落实电视节目中的每一项安全措施并制定出对突发情况的应急方案。“学校开学后就应该重点进行安全教育和安全训练，”教育部说。
驻北京的一位新闻学者对这一举措表示欢迎。他说中国过去从来没有专门制作过关于灾难预防和逃生的节目。
“过去我们缺乏预防灾难的措施，”那位学者说，“现在我认为四川地震最终带来了某些积极的变化，因为地震中的死亡人数——特别是学生的死亡人数实在是太高了……”
（评分参看）
（1）英译汉部分，满分为15分，包括分句评价分为14分，总体评价分为1分。
（2）考生的分句评价分在12分（含12分）以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，汉语规范，则可给1分。如果理解基本正确，内容上基本忠实原文，表达比较流畅，语言基本规范，则可酌情给0.5分。
（3）每句译文如忠实原文，语言表达无误，则可得该句的满分。句中如有误译、漏译、语法错误、拼写错误等，则可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超过该句的分值。如证据误译或漏译，则不给分。
（4）若译文与参考答案不符，但考生能用规范译语把原文的意思准确地表达出来，则不扣分。
全文共分九句。分句评价分的分值如下：
第1句：2分。“unprecedented”也可译为“空前的”，“first day of school”若译为“刚入学的”，扣0.5分。
第2句：1.5分。“in the wake of”若译错，扣0.5分，“left…”若译为“留下…”，扣0.5分。
第3句：1分。
第4句：1.5分。“aired”若译错扣0.5分。
第5句：3分。“to implement…measure”若译错，扣1分。
第6句：1分。若“focus on…”或“drill”译错，扣0.5分。
第7句：1.5分。若“Beijing-based”或“move”译错，扣0.5分。
第8句：1分。
第9句：1.5分。“positive”若译为“正面的”可不扣分。
B. 47. 参考译文：
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to rely on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain. China endeavors to increase its grain production so that its self-sufficiency rate of grain under normal conditions will be above 95 percent and the net import rate 5 percent, or even less, of the total consumption quantity.
China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development. Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.
（评分参考）
（1）汉译英部分，满分为15分，包括分句评价分为14分，总体评价分为1分。
（2）考生的分句评价分在12分（含12分）以上才可加总体评价分。如果译文在总体上理解正确，内容上忠实原文，表达流畅，语言规范，则可给1分。如果理解基本正确，内容上基本忠实原文，表达比较流畅，语言基本规范，则可酌情给0.5分。
（3）每句译文如忠实原文，语言表达无误，则可得该句的满分。句中如有误译、漏译、语法错误、拼写错误等，则可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超过该句的分值。如证据误译或漏译，则不给分。
（4）若译文与参考答案不符，但考生能用规范译语把原文的意思准确地表达出来，则不予扣分。
汉语一个分句算一句，全文共4句。分句评价分的分值如下：
第1句：3分。“实现……基本自给”如果译错，扣1分。
第2句：3.5分。“努力……”若译成“to try her (or its) best”，不扣分，“净进口量”若译错，扣1分。
第3句：4分。“现阶段”如果译成“now”，扣0.5分，“客观上（的）有利因素”如果译成“Objective favorable factors”，扣1分。
第4句：3.5分。“农业自然资源”若译成“agricultural natural resources”，扣1分。
2010年4月全国自考《英语翻译:00087》试题和答案：免费下载（word文档）
